Mass spectrometry: GS-IRMS; EA-IRMS, Delta C Protein quantification: One (1D) and two dimension gels(2D) High Precision Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Gas exchange analyzers: HCM-1000, Waltz Li Cor 6400 Chlorophyll fluorescence:PAM, Waltz Spectrophotometers: Spectronic 2000 (Bausch & Lomb) Pressure chambers:PMS Scholander Free Air CO2 Enrichment FACE Temperature Gradient Greenhouses: TGT Growth chambers: Conviron PGV-36